18 research outputs found
Ayurveda concept of Yoga Chakras and their Anatomical aspects
The ancient texts of Ayurveda and various yoga traditions referred term Chakra which indicates energy centre. The word Chakra means itself says about the wheel which circulates energy and governs many physiological processes inside the body. The blockage of Chakra causes abnormal physiology inside the body. Chakras are responsible for positive influence and induce natural healing process of body. Chakras contributed towards the spiritual and moral conducts of individuals. The flow of energies maintained by Chakras provide internal and as well as psychic strength. Root Chakra, Sacral Chakra, Solar Plexus Chakra, Heart Chakra, Throat Chakra, Third Eye Chakra and Crown Chakra are major seven Chakras of body within which the Vishwaprana (universal life force) flows
Blockchain and Distributed Autonomous Community Ecosystems: Opportunities to Democratize Finance and Delivery of Transport, Housing, Urban Greening and Community Infrastructure
This report investigates and develops specifications for using blockchain and distributed organizations to enable decentralized delivery and finance of urban infrastructure. The project explores use cases, including: providing urban greening, street or transit infrastructure; services for street beautification, cleaning and weed or graffiti abatement; potential ways of resource allocation ADU; permitting and land allocation; and homeless housing. It establishes a general process flow for this blockchain architecture, which involves: 1) the creation of blocks (transactions); 2) sending these blocks to nodes (users) on the network for an action (mining) and then validation that that action has taken place; and 3) then adding the block to the blockchain. These processes involve the potential for creating new economic value for cities and neighborhoods through proof-of-work, which can be issued through a token (possibly a graphic non-fungible token), certificate, or possible financial reward. We find that encouraging trading of assets at the local level can enable the creation of value that could be translated into sustainable “mining actions” that could eventually provide the economic backstop and basis for new local investment mechanisms or currencies (e.g., local cryptocurrency). These processes also provide an innovative local, distributed funding mechanism for transportation, housing and other civic infrastructure
Activity staining method of chitinase on chitin agar plate through polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
A method for detection of chitinase activity on chitin agar plate after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is described. Different staining dyes such as calcofluor white M2R, fluorescein isothiocyanate, rhodamine B, ruthenium red and congo red were separately incorporated in chitin agar plates. After running polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the gel was transferred onto chitin agar plate containing different dyes for the activity staining. Thin layer of acetate buffer (0.2 M, pH 5) was pored on the gel, which helps faster diffusion of the enzyme from gel onto the plate. After incubation of about 7 h, bands of chitinase were visible by daylight or UV light. The method is very sensitive since it can detect even 0.5 units of chitinase. Thus, this method is sensitive, rapid, user-friendly, reliable and cost effective.
Key Words: Activity staining, chitinase, dyes, sensitivity, stability.
African Journal of Biotechnology Vol.4(1) 2005: 87-9
Review on special emphasis of bortezomib on relapsed/refractory myeloma
Refractory or relapsed Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell neoplasia characterized by paraproteins in the urine or serum and a bone marrow plasmacytosis of over 10%. Multiple/refractory myeloma is a neoplasm of plasma cells and exact cause of multiple myeloma is remain unidentified, it is characterized by accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow, leading to bone marrow failure, anemia, skeletal destruction, renal failure, increased susceptibility to infection and hypercalcemia. The survival time for the patients with refractory or multiple myeloma can be prolonged with treatment of newer and more target specific approach. The proteasome inhibitors are an important class of anti-myeloma drugs that have efficacy to disrupt the proteolytic structure of tumor cells and enhancing their susceptibility to apoptosis. Bortezomib has a significant clinical efficacy against refractory multiple myeloma. Bortezomib is the most commonly used and clinically tested proteasome inhibitor and which is effective in prolonging the overall survival in several trials. Bortezomib combinations with other drugs such as dexamethasone and cyclophosphamide are the choice of treatment for standard risk patients following the mSMART guidelines. The success with lower dosage of bortezomib in elderly patient’s proven efficacious subcutaneous usage and its useful proteasome inhibitor to enhance patient’s compliance and reduces toxicity and costs of therapy. This review discusses on special emphasis of bortezomib on relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma as front-line treatment.
Full Length Research Paper - Activity staining method of chitinase on chitin agar plate through polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
A method for detection of chitinase activity on chitin agar plate after
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is described. Different staining
dyes such as calcofluor white M2R, fluorescein isothiocyanate,
rhodamine B, ruthenium red and congo red were separately incorporated
in chitin agar plates. After running polyacrylamide gel
electrophoresis, the gel was transferred onto chitin agar plate
containing different dyes for the activity staining. Thin layer of
acetate buffer (0.2 M, pH 5) was pored on the gel, which helps faster
diffusion of the enzyme from gel onto the plate. After incubation of
about 7 h, bands of chitinase were visible by daylight or UV light. The
method is very sensitive since it can detect even 0.5 units of
chitinase. Thus, this method is sensitive, rapid, user-friendly,
reliable and cost effective
Isolation and identification of marine chitinolytic bacteria and their potential in antifungal biocontrol
715-720Chitinolytic marine bacterial strains
(30) were isolated from the sea dumps at Bhavnagar,
India. They
were screened as chitinase producers on the basis of zone of clearance on
chitin agar plates incorporated with calcofluor white M2R for the better
resolution. Out of these, three strains namely, Pseudomonas sp., Pantoea
dispersa and Enterobacter amnigenus
showed high chitinase production. They
were also found to produce proteases and therefore have a good potential for
use as antifungal biocontrol agents for the control of fungal plant pathogens. These
strains could degrade and utilize the mycelia of Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi)
Goidanich and Fusarium sp. In vitro, these strains could
inhibit the growth of Fusarium sp. and M. phaseolina. The culture
filtrate inhibiting hyphal elongation was observed microscopically
Formulation of medium constituents by multiresponse analysis of central composite design to enhance chitinase production in <i>Pantoea dispersa</i>
1123-1131In the present study, a high chitinase
producing strain Pantoea dispersa was isolated from the sea dumps at Bhavnagar, India.
Chitin, urea, CaCl2 and MgSO4.7H2O were
variables used in central composite design for chitinase production. Chitinase,
biomass and pH were the responses used in different models to evaluate individually
fit ones. Quadratic model
was found to be fit for chitinase response
whereas in the case of biomass and pH, linear model was found to be fit
without the effect of others. Chitinase production was optimized with respect
to other responses such as biomass and pH in multiresponse analysis of
response surface design by using desirability approach. In multiresponse analysis,
following medium formulation (g/l), chitin, 15; urea, 0.32; CaCl2, 0.10
and MgSO4.7H2O, 0.08 was found to predict optimum chitinase
production of 482.77 units/ml with overall highest desirability of 0.854 as compared
to other formulation s. The selection of model was done on the basis of hi gh Adjusted
R-squared value and lowered p-value for each model in individual analysis
of
each response. In multiresponse experiment,
it was found that for response chitinase quadratic model and for responses pH
and biomass linear models were well fit. Through desirability analysis, it was found
that in the chitinase production, pH was essential as compared to biomass
in P. dispersa. Endochitinase and chitobiase actvities were also studied
Trends in Weaning Practices among Infants and Toddlers in a Hilly Terrain of a Newly Formed State of India
Background: Weaning plays a major role in determining the nutritional status of a child. Poor weaning practices during infancy and early childhood, resulting in malnutrition, contribute to impairment of cognitive and social development, poor school performance and reduced productivity in later life. The objective of this study is to know weaning practices of mothers of difficult terrain.
Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted in all villages under Rural Health Training Center, the field practice area of Department of Community Medicine. A total of 500 mothers with children within 3 years of age were included in the study. Pre-tested pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on weaning practices.
Results: Majority of children (51.57%) were weaned at >6 months and were observed to be more under nourished (79.34%) as compared with those between 4 months and 6 months (61.50%). Majority of boys were weaned earlier than girls irrespective of the age of the weaning. Malnutrition was found in majority of those children who were weaned inadequately in terms of both frequency and amount.
Conclusions: The present study revealed suboptimal weaning practices among the mothers of hilly region. Thus, appropriate educational strategies should be directed particularly on counteracting various myths related to infant feeding Moreover, promotion of appropriate feeding should target not only on maternal caregivers, but also on other family members, particularly husbands and grandmothers, taking into account the social and cultural situation of the area